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| In 1956 John Schneider, in the past the advertising agent, has published the satirical novel "Gold pipe" in which one has presented receptions of "trade in psychology", mobilised during presidential selections of 1960. According to the author, it was a culmination of the direction which have received the beginning in 1952 when advertising experts have occurbed among administering figures of both political parties and when for the first time candidates for presidents became a product, political campaigns - the business contributing in sale, and voters - the market.
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| Washington, the capital of the United States is situatedon the Rotomac River in the District of Columbia. The district is a piece of land which doesn't belong to any state but to all the states. All these states are sovereignty.
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| At the present time the Earth accomodates more then 5 billion people. Half of which are undernourished. A total of 4 million deaths occureach year fro starvation. Mankind has finally realised the threat of an increasing population and has faced the fact that something must be done. The food-supply increase lags considerably behind the immense growth of population. Besides conditions for life grow steadily worse due to numerous facets of environmental pollution.
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| The Russian Federation is a Presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of the state and is elected directly by the people. In fact he has much power, he controls all the three branches of power. The President can even dissolve the Duma if he doesn't agree with his suggestions three times rinning. The President has his administration, but it's not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.
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| The Olympic Games are one of the most spectacular reminders of the debt we owe to the Greeks.
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| The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each of which has its own goverment ("state goverment"). In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries. Each state has its own governor, its own police and its own laws. The present constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia, the President is the head of the whole country and the goverment and "commandering chief" of the armed forces. He makes the most important decisions and chooses the ministers, the members of his cabinet. But the President cannot do just what he wants.
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THE REFORM OF UKRAINE'S ENERGY COMPLEX
AS A PRECONDITION OF ELIMINATING
UKRAINE'S ENERGY DEPENDENCE
Only 16 per cent of Ukraine's gas and 13 per cent of its oil is produced domestically and more than half of Ukraine's imports consist of energy.i Most of energy imports originate in Russia. This energy dependence upon Russia and problems to pay for energy deliveries is perceived as a big threat to Ukraine's sovereignty. Unauthorised siphoning of gas destined for Western Europe urged Russian Gazprom to start negotiations about a gas pipeline bypassing Ukraine. This would bereave Ukraine of a major source of income, i.e. between one quarter and one third of its domestic gas consumption.
Ukraine's energy dependence upon Russia and security threats involved are investigated in this contribution.
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