The first settlements of people in territory of modern Andorra concern a glacial age. Definitive settling concerns time after deviation of last glacier. In 3500–2000 BC small groups of people lived in a valley of the river Valira and in mountain caves. Together with a skeleton of the woman living more 4 thousand years ago, tips of arrows, products from a stone and a bone, ceramics fragments have been found. In the subsequent the inhabitants of Andorra belonging, obviously, to the people iberov, began to build villages at bottom of mountains and to use products from bronze. They constructed megaliticheskie monuments and dolmeny, worshipped to forces of the nature, spirits of woods and lakes. In territory of Andorra have been found iberijskie coins. The name of the country occurs, as believe, from a name iberijskogo a tribe andosinov, from a combination iberijskih words "ando" (higher) and "ore" (iron) or the Celtic "an" to (blow) and "dor" (wind). In 220 BC Between Carthago and Rome persistent struggle for the power over Iberijsky peninsula has inflamed. In 219–218 BC the Pyrenees were crossed by a Carthago army led by Gannibalom which has gone to a campaign to Italy. However after defeat of Carthago in the Second Punic war by Iberia Romans have taken hold. They have brought the laws and language to Andorra. At the Roman sovereignty the population began to use more perfect agricultural machinery and to grow up the big crops. The territory of Andorra remained as a part of the Roman power to 414 when it has got under the power of the German tribe vestgotov, created the kingdom in Southern France and Spain. In the beginning 8 century vestgotskoe the state has been destroyed by the Arabian conquerors who have intruded to Iberian peninsula from the North Africa. However in Andorra archeologists have not found out serious traces of stay of Arabs, except for ruins of a Mauritian tower about settlement Ordino. Apparently, conquerors used its valleys as the shortest way to Southern France.

The founder of Andorra the king and emperor Charles Veliky (768–814) is considered franksky. According to legends, 5 thousand andorrtsev led by Mark Almugaberom its armies have helped with battle with Arabs. In a sign on gratitude the king declared in 788 inhabitants of Andorra «the sovereign people» under the protection. The country has been switched on in structure of Urzhelsky episcopacy. Andorrtsy should pay to francs a symbolical tribute in 1–2 trout from the river Valira.

In 817 Andorra and located to the south from it the earths officially have passed under the sovereignty of Franksky empire and have been switched on in structure of the Toulouse stamp. The emperor (814–840) granted in 819 inhabitants of Andorra the Great Charter of freedom (Маgna Carta). After disintegration of empire the king of France (843–877) has passed in 843 territory of Andorra column Serdani and Urzhelja Sunifredu I in gratitude for the help in reflexion of attack of Normans. In a current 9 and 10 centuries Urzhelsky columns, buying, attaching and exchanging the earths, gradually expanded the possession in Andorra valleys. But then, thanks to donations from counts and private persons, possession of Urzhelsky bishops began to grow. At last, in 1133 columns Ermengol IV has "forever sold to bishop Berengeru all rights to valleys of Andorra for 1200 sous. Bishops have turned to feudal possessors to whom inhabitants of Andorra should pay taxes. In 1162 they made annually 4 gammons, 40 breads and wine. In 1176 andorrtsy were obliged to give sjuzerenu in addition a dinner on hundred persons each two years for Christmas. This obligation has been signed by 838 heads of families that allows to estimate number of inhabitants of Andorra at this time in approximately 2300 persons.

Bishops, in turn, in the middle of 11 century have passed defence of Andorra in hands of feudal sort Kaboe which received the property rights and privileges in valleys in exchange for the fidelity oath in relation to bishops. In 1185 representative of sort Kaboe Arnaua has married Arno, the successor of the viscount de Kastelbon. Arnos and its daughter-successor Ermessenda were adherents albigojstva. Groups of the viscount and count Fua have destroyed a cathedral in Urzhele and set of other churches in Andorra and its vicinities. In 1201 bishop of Bern de Vilamur has been compelled to recognise for the viscount and his daughter lennye the rights to valleys of Andorra. In 1208 Ermessenda column Fua has married for Bernard's II Physiognomy. In 1257 columns to the Physiognomy Bernard III by dynastic marriage has attached Bearn to the possession and has turned to the most powerful feudal governor of Southern France. Columns have refused to obey Urzhelsky bishops, and between them the persistent struggle accompanied by bloody collisions was fastened. On the party of bishop Pedro de Kastrobono the governor of Aragon Pedro III Great (1276–1285) has acted, and his brother Hajme II Malorksky, married to sister Bernard's III to Physiognomy, supported count Fua. At last, Pedro III the column has forced and a bishop to come to the agreement. On September, 8th 1278 in Leride "certificate-pareazh" which established joint board in Andorra bishop Urzhelja and count Fua has been signed. Both of them became princes of Andorra. On December, 6th 1288 second "certificate-pareazh" has followed.

Both princes-sopravitelja lived out of territory of Andorra, but appointed in it the representatives – vicars, or "vige". Each of them annually serially operated the country. Andorrtsy were obliged to pay regular to give to princes – on even years to a bishop, on odd – to column Fua. During this period it was brought by nature – bread, milk, vegetables and cheese.

In 1419 representative Dolin of Andorra Andreu d'alas has achieved from bishop Frantsiska de Tovia and column Jean of I permission to creation in the country of elective body – «earth Council» which has turned subsequently to the General council. Heads of the most influential families have acquired the right to select the representatives in this body.

Thanks to the special position, the country could save the independence of the powerful states developing on either side of Pirenejsky mountains the next centuries. Its inhabitants used privileges of citizens of the neutral state, did not serve in army, did not bring military taxes and derived considerable benefit from free transportation of the goods through the Pyrenees.

The aragonsko-Catalan crown repeatedly tried to take hold of the earths of county Fua: at kings Pedro III in 1280–1283, the Gigolo II in 1333–1334 and Martin in 1396–1400. But the history has disposed differently. In 1479 columns Gaston IV Fua has inherited a kingdom Navarra throne. Though in 1512 king of Aragon and Catalonia Ferdinand II has won southern part Navarry and valleys of Andorra which he has presented in 1513 the second to wife Zhermine de Fua, andorrtsy have saved loyalty concerning kings Navarry and counts Fua and continued to pay them a tribute. In 1589 king Navarry Henry III became French king Henry IV (1589–1610), and its successor Louis XIII (1610–1643) has officially attached Fua to the French crown. The king of France became the Prince-sopravitelem of Andorra, thus. From the Spanish party of Pirenejsky mountains sjuzerenami Andorra there were Urzhelsky bishops.

In the beginning 18 century Andorra has saved the neutrality during war for the Spanish inheritance from which the territory of Catalonia has strongly suffered. In 1715 bishop Urzhelsky Simeon de Ginda-and-apestegi (1714–1737) has officially ordered to consuls of Valleys not to obey nobody's orders, except for what proceeded from it and the king of France.

The glory of educators was got in 18 century by lawyer Anthon Fiter-i-Rossell and priest Anthon Puig. The first of them has collected and in 1748 has published in the form of the separate book materials about traditions and customs of Andorra. The second in 1763 has let out the book of laws and customs of the country – «politar Andorra».

Revolution in France has dethroned a monarchy, and after Louis XVI execution in 1793 andorrtsy remained without the prince-sopravitelja. The French revolutionaries have cancelled a tribute brought by Andorra as a feudal duty, and the republic has refused from sjuzereniteta over valleys. However inhabitants of the small country were afraid now, that it will be absorbed by powerful neighbours. In 1794, during war with Spain, the French armies have entered on territory of Andorra and have reached to Soldeu, aspiring to grasp Seo-de-Urzhel. Representatives of valleys have met French general Shabre and could convince him to refuse operation carrying out.

In 1806 French emperor Napoleon in the special decree declared, under the request andorrtsev, about restoration of action of "certificate-pareazha". Princes-sopraviteljami the head of the state of France and a bishop Urzhelsky again admitted. This position has for a short while stopped in 1812–1813 when Andorra has been annexed by France and is switched on in structure of territory Segr (in 1813 – the department Segr-rubbed). In 19 century the country starts to open gradually to the world. Andorra is visited by the European travellers who with delight respond about beauty of its nature. In 1848 Parisian opera has put performance Galevi «Valley of Andorra», and in 1852 in Madrid it was executed with the same name sarsuela Gastambide.

Serious threat for a neutrality of Andorra was represented by civil wars to Spain. In its territory often searched for refuges as liberals, and karlisty. In 1866 at the initiative of rich land owner Gilena de Plandolit-and-d'areno in the country movement «New reform» was developed, and on April, 14th 1866 bishop Zhozep Kajshal-and-platform (1853–1879) has confirmed positions of the Andorra constitution. In 1869 it the emperor of France Napoleon III (1852–1870) ratified also. The General council – the higher legislature – consisted of 24 members who were selected "sindikami", heads of local authorities. The secular power of a bishop was limited. Its influence, in essence, was reduced to church affairs. In the end of 19 centuries economic difficulties have led to growth of emigration from Andorra. Expansion of communications with abroad promoted development of means of communications. The first cable and telephone lines have been spent. However Andorra remained more few the known and isolated country. Only travellers visited her from time to time.

In 1914 daddy Py X has proclaimed the Sacred Maiden Merichellsky «patronessoj Valleys of Andorra». On September, 8th 1921 archbishop of Tarragona and Urzhelsky bishop Zhusti Gitart-and-vilardebo (1920–1940) crowned its icon. During ceremony the national hymn of Andorra for the first time has been executed. In him it is sung: «I one am the unique daughter of emperor Charles Velikogo believing and free here already eleven centuries. Believing and free there will be I always». Day became on September, 8th a national holiday of a princedom. Only after 1914 Andorra began to leave the traditional isolation: the first road connecting it with the city of Seo-de - Urzhel in Spain has been constructed. In 1933 road it has been prolonged to the Pass-de-la-kasa on the French border. Before its construction even members of the General council had to gather on sessions astride mules on mountain tracks.

In 1928 government of Spain has organised a mail service with Andorra and has let out the stamps devoted to Andorra plots. In three years the same was made by France. In 1929 in the country the first large power station has been built (until then the current was given by the small electrogenerators belonging to separate communities. All rights to operation of hydroresources were received by new firm «the Swagger idroelektrik d'andorra». On job in it workers because of country boundaries have been involved. In 1930 in Andorra struggle for introduction of the general suffrage was developed.

Sociopolitical shocks 1933 have received the name of "Andorra revolution». On June, 10th the judicial authorities have dismissed the General council and vicars of princes have appointed carrying out of new elections. On July, 17th electoral system reform has been spent: the vote was received by all men is more senior 25 years. Andorrtsy cancellation of some feudal laws have achieved also, having received privileges in using the communal earths, meadows, woods and waters.

In 1934 Russian emigrant Boris Skosyrev calling «the count Oransky», has suggested the General council to proclaim it «the king of Andorra», having promised to carry out reforms and country upgrade. When a bishop Urzhelsky has rejected its claims, Skosyrev declared to it war, has proclaimed itself «the sovereign prince» Boris I and has appointed carrying out of general election. However the group of the Spanish home guards sent by a bishop, has arrested the applicant and delivered it to Barcelona where it has been prosecuted, and then is sent from Spain. But efforts on country upgrade proceeded. In 1935 General council has given out concession on the organisation «Radio of Andorra».

During civil war in Spain in 1936–1939 and the Second World War 1939–1945 Andorra remained neutral though in its territory numerous refugees found a refuge. Difficulties of the country were aggravated with destructive flooding 1937. In 1940 business hardly it was not cunning before intrusion of the German armies from Southern France and Spanish of Seo-de-Urzhelja, but intervention papal nuntsija has prevented the conflict. Nevertheless, reaction of military years has affected in Andorra. In 1941 general suffrage for men it has been again cancelled. In 1944 German parts and group of the Spanish home guards have entered Andorra, but already in 1945 they have been deduced.

After the Second World War population suffrages have been restored. The post of the first sindika (heads of the Andorra power) in 1937–1960 stretch occupied Fransesk Kejrat Franshes, in 1961 it has replaced Hulia Reig Ribo. In 1964–1972 to the first sindikom was Fransesk Eskude Ferrero, in 1972–1978 on change to it H.Reig Ribo again has come.

In 1950 country quickly developed. The population of Andorra for 1952–1964 has doubled and has reached 12200 persons; the standard of living has raised. Commercial lifting and growth of the tourism first of all connected with skiing, the declared national kind of sports in Andorra has begun. The new generation andorrtsev began to get education abroad. In 1966 the social legislation has been entered, in 1968 «the Andorra insurance cash desk» is based, the automatic telephone and telex service is organised. To 1967 Andorra its prince from the French party – the president of France Charles de Gaulle (1959–1969) has visited. And in 1973 there was a meeting of both princes first from 13 century – bishop Zhoana Marti Alanisa (1 971–2003) and the president of France George Pompidou (1969–1974).

In 1970 suffrages have received, at last, all andorrtsy of both sexes is more senior 21 years, and in 1977 these rights have been given also to foreigners in the first generation is more senior 28 years. In 1985 selective age about 18 years are lowered. On a post of the first sindika in 1978–1982 was Estanislau Sangra Pontus. And in January 1982 the important political reform has been spent: the executive power has been separated from legislative, and on January, 14th 1982 the Andorra government led by Oscar Ribasom Reigom (1982–1984) is created. The same year the country has again hard suffered from flooding which have called human a victim, have caused a considerable damage and have for a while interrupted communication between Andorra and abroad.

In 1984–1990 the power had conservative government Zhozepa Pintat Solansa. However on elections 1989 victory was gained by national democratic candidates, and for 1990 post of the head of the government again has occupied O.Ribas Reig (1990–1994). In June 1990 Andorra has signed the agreement on the customs union with the European community. The new criminal code has been accepted.

On a referendum on March, 14th 1993 majority of participants has voted for introduction of the new democratic constitution which abolished existing with 1278 feudal system of the power. According to the constitution, the sovereignty of Andorra was passed from princes to citizens and representative country body. Princes remained heads of the state and saved the veto in questions of the international relations and legislations. The constitution guaranteed for the first time to citizens fundamental laws of the person and political freedoms, resolved a parties creation and trade unions. The country government acquired the right to impose taxes to incomes.

The organic law text has received in 1992 official approval of princes, and on March, 2nd – the General council of Andorra. On May, 4th 1993 constitution has officially come into force.

On June, 4th 1993 Andorra has concluded the contract on good neighbourhood, friendship and cooperation with France and Spain, and on July, 28th the same year has entered the United Nations.

In Andorra there were official political parties – the ruling National democratic association, the oppositional Liberal union (Liberal party of Andorra), etc. On elections in December 1993 national democrats have received in the General council of 8 places, liberals and social democrats («new democrats») – on 5, the National coalition and independent – on 4 and social democratic «the National democratic initiative» – 2. However in November 1994 Ribas Rejg has retired after the projects of the taxation put forward by it and infrastructure development have called wide discontent of the population. The government was headed by the leader of liberals Mark Forne Molne. Liberals managed to win and on the subsequent elections. In 1997 they have won 18 places, 6 have got to National democratic association and on 2 – «New democracy» and «the National democratic initiative». In 2001 liberals have received 16 of 28 places in the General council.

At the government of liberals Andorra has become stronger in a role large tourist and shopping centre. The country remains «tax paradise» – there are no direct taxes. Princedom upgrade proceeds. The television network has extended, andorrtsy had an opportunity widely to accept the Spanish private TV. The TV of Andorra has been created. The government has resolved granting of a driving licence to young men since 16 years. On a boundary 20 and 21 centuries in the country the rough computerisation was developed.